Ramthar Zai Leh Chalmar Zai

Ramthar Zai Leh Chalmar Zai

1. Thuhma

            Mizo hla hlui zir tur kan ni a, fimkhur thiam a ngai hle mai.Hla tam tak chu a chhuah hun leh a lâr hunlai hre phakte’n mual an liam zo tawh a.|henkhat chu sak hlawh tawh lo te, changkannain a tlansan tak te, hla saa zaina hmun pui ber ni \hin zu hmunah pawh hla dangin a luahlan tawh hlawm a. Vawiin thlenga sak hlawh leh hriat la awm tlemte pawh hi dik tawk vak tawh lo te, tlema her danglam te pawh a awm nuk tawh awm e.

            Chuti ang a nih mek lai chuan tuna hla hlui timi deuhte pawh hian an rin dan leh ngaih dana dik nia an hriat, an ngaihruat tam tak a awm ve bawk. A ni reng lah tak a, Pathian thu awihho tan chuan heng Mizo hla hlui kan tih tâk, hmanlai hlate kha chu ‘sak thiang lo’ a ni a. Tuna la dam kum sawmriat (80) chinte zingah pawh hian a tam zawk chuan an hunlai pawhin an sa ngam lutuk bik lo ang tih a rin theih bawk.

            Kum 1900 hnu lam kha chuan Mizote kha chi hnih - Sakhaw thar, Kristian sakhaw vuantu Pathian thu awihho leh Pathian thu awih lo-ho tiin an in\hen hrang lo thei lo a. Pathian thu awih an pung chak hle a. Kum 1910 vel a\angin Puma zai a lo lar chho \an ta a. phûng velh ang mai, sa lo pawh an awm lo a nge tih tur khawpin Zoram pumah a lar hle mai a. Chu chuan Pathian thu awih tawhho pawh tam tak a hruaikir leh a. Sakhaw hruaitute pawh an mangang hle.

            Rei lo hle mah se he Puma zai hian hla dang tam tak a hring chhuak a.Puma zai siperte tiin an sawi.Chung zinga michu tuna kan zir tur Ramthar zai leh Chalmar zai pawh hi a ni.Chalmar zai hi Pathian thu awihho beihna hla a ni ber a, Ramthar zai erawh hi chu Sakhaw hla ni tho siin Kohhranin a do, tlar thum zai thlûka phuah a ni.

            Thuhmahruai belhtu atan thil pakhat sawi kai lawk i la. Mizo hla hlui (Folk song) zirtu leh chhuitu kan pung ve zel a. Chutih mek lai chuan Mizote thinlungah Folk Song hian hmun a luah thûk tawh lohzia hi sawi ngai lo khawpa chiang a ni. A thlûk hriat mumal loh leh sakna hun awm mang lo a nih laiin a hre deuh leh a timi deuh chu tar lam chauh an ni. Kum lama upa tak tak, zan khat mitchhin tawk thei reng, Upa pawlah pawh a kum upa pawlte hi kanFolk Song innghahna an ni mai tawhin a hriat.

            A vawn \hat lamah mi \henkhatin hma an la a, lehkhabuah an chhuah a.A thlûk erawh bilh tel theih a ni si lo a, a thâm ral zo ta. Miin engti ang pawhin sa ta se a dik leh dik lo hriat a har tawh hle. Mizo Historian zinga pakhat chuan a thlûk tam tak tape Cassette (Audio)-in a la vawng \ha a. Chungte chu thehdarh a, a aia \ha zawka vawn \hat a chakawm hle.

2. Ramthar zai

            Ramthar zai hi kum 1950 hma lama chhuak a ni a. A hnu lama chhuak pawh a awm bawk awm e. Mizo hla hlui zingah chuan a naupang ber pawl a ni.Hla hlui kalhmang zawm mah se a hla thu a danglam bik a, a thlûk rin avang chauha hla hlui zinga chhiar tel a nih a rinawm. Ziaktu lar zualte sawi dan lo tar lang i la.

‘Thiangzau’ chin chhuah niin James Dokhuma chuan a sawia, “An innghahna kum (1000) Lal ram leh Krista hova ram thar luah mai loh chu engmah nghah dang an nei tawh lo. Chu lal ram thar chu thu leh hlain an chawi kûr nguai nguai a…Chu an ram nghah ber awih nana an hlate pawh chu Ramthar Zai an tih phah hial reng a ni” (Zoram Tual\o Kohhran Chanchin, 32-33).

            C. Chhuanvawra chuan, “Ramthar zai hi a thu chu Tlanglam hla dang ang a inngaih lunglen thu chu a ni lo na a a ruangam hi Tlanglam zai ang chiaha lam kua, sawmpakhat, lam kua a nih ve vek avangin Tlanglam zai chhungkaw zingah telh ve chi niin a lang” tiin a sawi a. “Kristiante chen ve phak lohna ram thara cheng ang a an inchhal avangin Ramthar Zai an ti ta ni mai thei, Khuangtuaha pawl leh Thiangzauho phuah a ni deuh ber hlawm” (Hmanlai Leh Tunlai Mizo Hlate, 182) a ti ve bawk a.

            B. Lalthangliana pawhin, “Heng zaite hi Khuangtuaha (1891-1955) hova din, miten ‘Khuangtuaha Pawl’ tia an sawi \hinte phuah a ni ber a… An hlate chu ram thar ngaih hla a ni deuh ber a, hei vang hi a ni mai thei, ‘Ramthar Zai’ tia hriat a lo ni ta. Kum 1950 bawr vela phuah a ni a, a phuahtu bik pawh sawi a harsa”(Mizo Hun Hlui Hlate, 232) a ti ve bawk.

            Hnam zaiin thar khua ka zawng zel a,

            Min lo au ve Zion tlangah Chhandamtun,

            Lei thar Zion ngeia leng turin.

            B. Lathnagliana vek hian sawi chhunzawmin,

Tun hnu deuh thleng hian, zirtirna hranpa neiin Mizoramah hian kohhran tual\o a awm ta nual a. Ramthar zai kalhmang hian hla an phuah zui zel hlawm a. Hming hran a thara pu chu an awm meuh lo. Ramthar zaite hi Sap kâwra Pathian biak ai chuan, Mizo thluk ngei leh hla hmanga Pathian biak a \ha zawk titute irawm a\anga \o a ni ber a. Puma zai siper, tlar thum ang tho a ni tih mai loh chu sawisel tur a vang ang reng hle. A hla thu hmante hi a mawi hle a, a hla hnap mai a, a Mizo raih bawk a. Mizopa suangtuahna leh ngaihruatnaa Pathian fakna lam a ni ber a. A \awngkam leh thu luangte hi chu mawi tak a ni hlawm. (233)

            RL. Thanmawia thung chuan Tlira pawl te chin chhuah, chumi hnua Khuangtuaha pawlten an chawi vul tak zel leh mi hrang hrangin an phuah belh zel niin a sawi a. “…Ram thar, van ram ngaih hla a ni tlangpui a. Kohhran inrelbawlna leh kohhran dan leh hraite deuhsawhna a awm bawk…Tual\o kohhranten Ramthar zai hi an tuipui deuh zel. Pen thum zai emaw Tual zai emaw an ti bawk. Mizo suangtuahna leh ngaihruatna hmanga Pathian fakna lam a ni ber” (Mizo Hla Hlui, 588) tiin a sawi.

            Heng chhuitute sawi dan a\anga lang thei chu, kohhran dan chhunga leng loa inngai, thlarau chang sang leh phawk chhah deuhten an ngaihtuahna leh an suangtuahna hmanga an phuah, an rin dan leh an thlarau chanin a hmuhtir, hun lo la awm tur ngaia an lunglenna leh an inawmtleina tiin a sawi theih ang a. Chumai bakah anmahni (Pawl chhuakho) intihphurna te, kohhran chhunga awmte leh an pawl sawichhetute an chhan letna te, kohhran hmuhsitna ang chite pawh a awm bawk.

            Kohhran a\anga kal hrangte phuah a nih deuh avangin Mizoram pum huap angin Ramthar zai hian sak lar a hlawh lo a. An awm tamna deuh khuaahte chuan an sa nasa hle thung. Chung khua te chu Baktawng te, Ratu a\anga mel hniha hla Buallawn-ah te a ni.

RL.Thanmawia hian Mizo Hla Hlui bu-ah Ramthar zai hi hla 786 lai mai a dah a. Thluk dang awm pawh a ziak lang tel bawk.A dah tam ber awm e. B. Lalthangliana’n Mizo Hun Hlui Hlate bu-ah hla 57 a dah a. C. Chhuanvawra’n Hmanlai Leh Tunlai Hlate-ah 46 a dah ve bawk. Heng lehkhabu kan sawite hi Ramthar zai kan hmuh tamnate an ni a, tlem tê tê-a dah pawh an awm nual bawk.

2.1 Ramthar zai ziarang leh hawi zawng

Sawi tak ang khan a hla hawi zawng chu a hlabu hming tumtu hian a hril thui hle. Lei lam aiin van lamah an ngaihtuahna an dah a,hun lo la awm turin an suangtuahna leh rilru a hruai thui hle.A hla lo en i la -

1.      Hmangaihna luipui luang dam diai,

            Inbual ang aw, Lalzuithanga nu kan chhungin;

            Zion-a leng turin (589)

2.      Duh leh min sel rawh se leng zawng hian,

            Chhandamtu leh van khawpui Salemthar khi;

            Hmangaihnain kan awi e, nilenin. (588)

2.2 Post Collonialism

            Mizo lengkhawm zai kan tih mai pawh hi chhuitu \henkhat chuan Post Collonialism huangah an rin lut a. A nihna takah chuan Puma zai leh a siperte hi Lengkhawm zai lo chhuahna bul a ni ti i la kan sawi sual lutuk lo ang. Ramthar zai hi Lengkhawm zai chhuah hnua phuah ni mah se, Puma zai siper zinga mi a ni a, awpbehna hnuaia tal chhuah duhna thinlung neia phuah chhuah tam tak a awm a, Kohhran an beihna hlaa pawh a lang bawk –

            Bookroom zai mai chuan kan tlei thei lo,

            Kan hnam zaiin Chhandamtu kan awi dawn e,

            Sual laka tlan chhuahte kan ni e.(Hmanlai leh Tunlai Mizo Hlate, 182)

He hla kan tarlan a\anga chiang taka lang thei chu, Sap Missionary-ten Pathian fakna hla an phuah leh chuti ang zula Mizoten an phuah chauh hmanga Pathian fak an duh khawp lohna te, Mizote zai ngei mai, an rilrem zawk leh an irawm chhuak ngei maia Pathian fak an duhna a ni.

3. Chalmar zai

            Pathian thuawihho-ten hla hmanga beih an tawhna tam tak zinga pakhat chu Chalmar zai a ni. |henkhat chuan Thingpui zai tiin an sawi bawk.Ramthar zai aiin a chuak hmasa zawk fê a. Kum zabi sawmhnihna tir lama chhuak, Puma zai siperte zinga mi a ni.Hla bu hran hlaka Pathian thuawihhote beihna dang hi a chhuak tawh lo niin a lang.

            RL.Thanmawia sawi danin, “Chalmara hi Cachar phaia thingpui huan pakhat hotu a ni a. Hetih lai hian he Company thingpui siam hi an in lar hle a. Pathian thu awih hoten zu an bân a, thingpui an in nasa deuh va, chu chu Pathian thu la awih ve lo hoten an hmusit a, deusawhna hla an phuah ta a, chu hla hming atan chuan Chalmar zai an ti ta a…” (Mizo Hla Hlui, 586)

            Chalmar zai hi hmuh tur a tam lo hle.‘Lusei hnam zai’ Tribal Research Institute-in anchhuahah hla sawm (10) an dah a. RL.Thanmawia’n ‘Mizo Hla Hlui’ bu-ah ‘Lusei Hnam Zai’-a mi ang chiah hi a dah ve leh bawk.

            A lo chhuahna bul a\angin inphuah elna a ni sa hrim mai a.A hlaah hian Sarcastic element \ha tak tak hmuh tur a awm a. Chhinchhiahtlak tak chufiamthu (humour)\ha tak tak an zep tel hi a ni.

            

            |in zu leh \in zu a dang mang e,

            Nangni \in zu Luarbawn thingpui hnahthel ro;

            Tirhkoh meibûlan a dut kuang kuang.(Lusei Hnam Zai, 51)

Chalmar zai hi Puma zai siperte zinga mi, tlar thum zai thluk tho a ni a. A hla hmuh theih chin a\angin sawi dawn ta i la, Puma zai siper dangte nena a danglamna chusakhaw thar beihna hla a ni hi a ni.Kristian hmasate khan tih ve loh tur thil tam tak an nei a. Zu hmun sa hmuna tal ve phei chu a rem tawh lo hul hual a ni.

Tun hma zawnga zu in \hin an ni a, Pathian thu an awih tak hnuah an chhawl hal tihrehna tur atan thingpui in an intihhmuh a, chu an thingpui in \hin chu Chalmar a ni a. Pathian thu awih lo ho chuan an deusawh hle mai a. Hlain an phuah el a, \henkhat phei chu zu hmuna let leh hialte pawh an awm.

Chlamar leh chalmar a dang mang e,

Keini chalmar dar dawnkawnah a hawng e;

Tumse nolengan a fang del del.(51)

Pathian thu awih ho beihna bakah hian a thu hawi zawng dang deuh, an lunglenna an phuah chhuahna hla inchhang hmuh tur a awm bawk a.

            1. Chheih zai mawi rengin ka lung min len,

            A kal ruai e ka zai vawngpui lenchawm ri;

            A \hapin lunglen I \hap dun ang.

            

            2.A \hapin lunglen a bang chuang lo,

            Chun leh ka zua hnehin Chaltuai ka ngai che;

            A thleiin lunglen i thlei dun ang.

          

             3.Athlei chuan lunglen a dang thei lo,

            Haw rawh \hiani mual lii liai tlang khan \huaman,

            A \hapin lunglen i \hap dun ang.(51)

            Chalmar zai hi hla thu mawl te te hmanga phuah a ni a, hriat har taka thu un an hmang lem lo. Kohhran beihnaah pawh anmahni nena inkhaikhinin, an chan chu a nawm zawkzia tarlan an tum tih a hriat theih a. Chutih rualin Pathian thu awiha inpe an awminhrehawm an tive hle tih rin thian theihna tur hla a awm ve tho bawk.

         

             An Chapel run ka hawi ngam lo,

            An thaikawiah Biangnovi chuang ta si e;

            Ka lenkham chhawl ban a lo ni e.(51)

           

4. Khaikhinna

            Hmel hmang inang lo tak pawh hian chhungril lamah inanna an lo nei leh \hin a. Inang hauh loa ngaih pawh hian inanna lai an lo nei leh chawk \hin. An inanna lai sawi dawn chuan Ramthar zai leh Chalmar zai hi kohhran beihna hla ve ve a ni. A zawng zawng hi kohhran beihna a ni vek tihna erawh a ni lo.Puma zai siperte zinga mi ve ve an ni a, tlar thum zai an tih zinga mi a ni.

            Kawng leh lamah chuan thil hrang hlak a ni. Chalmar zai chu Mizo hla hlui zinga mi, Pathian thu awih loten zu hmun sa hmun a\anga an phuah chhuah a nih laiin, Ramthar zai chu sakhaw thar hla ni tho siin Mizo hla hlui kalhmanga phuah a ni. A phuahtute pawh Pathian thu awih zinga mi, kal hrang deuhte an ni.

            Ramthar zaiinPost Collonialismlam a âwn viau laiin Chalmar zaiah thung chuan Sarcastic element hmuh tur tam hle.Ramthar zai chuan Metaphysical poetry a hnaih deuh a, khawvel pawn lamah an rilru an dah lian hle. An suangtuahna pawh Ram Tharah a cheng a,chu chu hla phuah tura turtu pawh niin a lang. Chalmar zai erawh chu intukna huang chhunga khung a sual lo ber awm e.

5. Khawtlang Nun Nena Bihchianna

5.1. Ramthar zai

Sakhaw hlui leh thar inbuan lai hian hla a chhuak tam hle a. Chu chu vawiin thlenga chhuitute hrilhfak a ni.Kum 1900 hnu lamah chuan Pathian thu awih an tam ve tawh hle a. Pathian thu hrilin Kristian hmasate chu an hmanhlel a. Pathian rawngbawlin khua an fang vel a. Tin, a khat tawkin ‘harhna’ a thleng \hin bawk.

            Chung harhna thleng \hinte chuan Mizote kha Kristianah a senglut mai ni loin thlaraua an lunglennain thlu leh hlaah nasa takin nghawng a nei a. Pathian fakna hla a chhuak chur chur a. Chung hla phuahtute chuan an irawm chhuak mai aia thuk zawkin Pathian thilpek an dawn avangin an phuah awlsam hle a. An hla phuahte pawh chu Mizo rilrem zawng leh lungkuai zawng tak a ni bawk a.

            Hla lamah chang ni lo, Pathian thu hril lamah pawh mi lar tak tak an chhuak zut a, \awng\ai dam thei thlengin an lo chhuak a. Kum 1919-a harhna a lo thlen hnu hi chuan tawp mai loin ram pumah harhna hian a chamchilh a. Kum 1920 bawr velah phei chuan khaw \henkhatah Isua nu Mari te, Johana te, Petera te an awm ta nuk mai a. Kohhran hruaitute pawhin a buaipui \an ta a.

            Harhna thawh dan hi a dang hret hret a. |henkhatah chuan harhna pawh ti loin an chan a san em avangin ‘hlimsang’ an ti a, ‘Mi hlim’ te an ti bawk.Chungte chu an kal sang zel a. Mi tam takin an hriatthiam theih loh chu ‘Hmangaih rawngbawlna’ a ni. Mi hlim zingah inngaina zual deuh mipa leh hmeichhia an awm a. Nula tlangval ai maha nasain an inngai a, an taksa pawh ui nei hauh loin hmangaihnaah an kal na a. A tawpah chuan khurbìng tih an lo ni ta a ni.

            Kohhran tan pawh hmuh thiam theih a ni ta lo a. Zawlnei thil hre tak tak an lo chhuak ve zel bawk a. Mizoram awmdan tur an puang chamchi a. Kohhran inhmu kalh tawlh tawlhin an inkar a zau tia tial a, pawl hran dinin kohhran a\angin an chhuak ta hial hlawm a. Chutianga kohhran a\anga chhuak hmasa ber chu Tlira pawl an ni a. Thiangzau te, Khuangtuaha pawl te leh pawl dang tam tak an chhuak \euh a. Vawiin theng pawhin Khuangtuaha pawlte hi an la awm reng a ni.

            Ramthar zai hi Thiangzau pawl phuah niin James Dokhuma chuan a sawi a. A phuah tam bertu chu Khuangtuaha pawlte hi an nih a rinawm. Khuangtuaha nau Pu Chana a awm a,Solfa thiam tak a ni a. Ani hian hla a phuah \hin a. Chu chu a zirtir a,a phuah nghal mawlh mawlh a, an zir zel a, a chang phei chuan a phuah tam lutuka an zir hman lo \hin niin an sawi.

5.1 Chalmar zai

A phawk chhahten an chan sân viau lai hian, kum 1945 vel bawrah kha chuan Mizoramah Kristian zaa sawmnga vel chauh awm anga sawi a ni a.Chalmar zai sak lar hunlai vel hian Pathian thu awih leh awih lo an inzat vel thuak dawn tihna a ni.Pathian thu awih loten Chalmar zaia an phuah elna hi Pathian thu awih hoten an chhan letna hmuh tur a vang hle.

Chalmar zai hi Mizoram puma sak theih tur hla a ni a. Chutih rualin, Pathian thu awih leh la awih lote inawm pawlhna khua tih lohah chuan an sak vak a rinawm loh.Hetih hunlai hi kohhran duh fir lai a ni a.Pathian thu awih tan chuan Pathian fakna hla lo chu sak phal a ni lo. An inman chuan kohhranin hremna a lekkawh nghal mai \hin.

Khaw khata awm, hnathawh leh eizawnna inang, hlo thloa inlawmho reng reng \hin an ni a, lunglen chang an nei lo thei si lo a, nula tlangval tan phei chuan Pathian thu awih chu thil har tak tur a ni.Pathian thu awih loten an lo thlêm chamchi bawk si a.Chuvangin, Chalmar zai pawh hi kohhran hruaitute tan chuan a huathlala ngawtin a rinawm.

6. Tlipna

            Sakhua vang hian buaina tam tak a chhuak tawh a.Ram leh ram an indo a,an inhmelmak a, a reh mai pawh a rinawm loh.Crusadershunlaia Kristiante leh Muslim karaHoly War te, India leh Pakistan inmu leh àr reng mai te, ISIS pawl khawvelin a buaipuizia leh sakawlh hlauh vanga buainate hisakhuanain a hrin chhuah vek a ni.

            Sakhaw hrang leh sakhaw hrang inkara buaina chu thu hranah dah ta i la, sakhaw pakhat chhungah pawh hian buaina a va chhuak hnem tawh em.Englandram ropui tak pawh an sakhuain an ram inrelbawlna a nghawng nasatzia chu an lalte chanchinah chiang takin a hmuh theih. Kristian ni vek siin Catholickohhran pawm duh lotu Protestant kohhran a din phah a, chutah pawh a duh fìr pawl Puritanan la awm leh bawk.

            Hei hi mihringte zia pakhat a ni. Chu chu Mizote zingah pawh a dang chuang lo.Kristian sakhua an zawm a\ang phatin inbeihna a thleng nghal a. Khua a\anga hnawh chhuah te, hmuhsitna leh diriam taka deuhsawhna te chu Kristian hmasate harsatna tawh tlanglawn a ni. Chutianga inbeihna chuan thu leh hlaah pawh nghawng a nei lo thei lo a. Zai ngaina hnam tih takah hla chu an inbeiha ber pakhat a ni.

            Chubakah, kohhran pawl duh khawp lohna leh kohhrana leng loa inngaihna kohhran huang chhungah a lo thleng leh a. Chu chuan Zoram pum a tuam a. Vawiin thleng hian Kristian zaa za tia inchhal \hin Mizote zinga pawl hrang tam tak hian a hrilhfiah chiang mai awm e.Nunna siamtu, Remna Lal fa hnung zuitute karah hian inremna chu a la awm thei  tak tak lo a ni.

            Chutiang a nih lai karah chuan, mi tam takin harsatna leh buaina an tawh phahna ni chung siin Literature huangah chuan pawimawhna lai a nei ve zel a.Folk-songhuang zauhtu an nih mai piah lamah chhui zauna kawnga puitu \ha tak a chang thei a. Khuang nena lampui nan hmang tawh mah suh i la, an hla hian mihring nun a tarlang \ha hle bawk. Tin, Chalmar zai leh Ramthar zai bik phei hi chu vawiin thleng pawhin sak an la hlawh hle.

Work Cited

Chhuanvawra. C., Hmanlai Leh Tunlai Mizo Hlate. Aizawl: JP Offset Printers. 2011

Dokhuma. James. Zoram Tual\oKohran Chanchin.II Edition. 1997.

Lalthangliana. B., Mizo Hun Hlui Hlate. Aizawl: RTM Press. 1998

Thanmawia. R.L., Mizo Hla Hlui. Aizawl: Gilzom Offset. 2012

Tribal Research Institute. Lusei Hnam Zai. Aizawl: Zonun Industries. 1993